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How does adding chlorine or sulfuric acid affect the pH of wastewater?

  1. Increase the pH

  2. Decrease the pH

  3. Have no effect on pH

  4. Normalize the pH

The correct answer is: Decrease the pH

Adding chlorine or sulfuric acid to wastewater will decrease the pH. Chlorine, when dissolved in water, forms hypochlorous acid, which is a weak acid. This process introduces more hydrogen ions into the solution, leading to a reduction in pH. Similarly, sulfuric acid is a strong acid that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in the wastewater, causing the pH level to drop significantly. Understanding the pH is crucial in wastewater treatment, as it can influence the effectiveness of various treatment processes and the solubility of certain compounds. Maintaining a suitable pH is essential not just for chemical reactions but also for compliance with environmental regulations.