Basic Wastewater Operator Practice Exam

How is voltage reduced when required in electrical circuits?

1. A transformer is used

2. Drop one leg of the power coming in

3. Add a leg to the power supply

4. A generator is used

The correct answer is: A transformer is used

Using a transformer is a fundamental method for reducing voltage in electrical circuits. A transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction and consists of two coils of wire wrapped around a magnetic core. When alternating current flows through the primary coil, it creates a magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary coil. The voltage change is determined by the turns ratio between the two coils. If the secondary coil has fewer turns than the primary coil, the voltage output is reduced. This process allows for efficient voltage reduction while maintaining the power level, which is essential for safely distributing electricity in various applications, including wastewater treatment facilities. This method is widely utilized because it allows for alterations to voltage levels without significant losses, making it an effective solution for managing electrical energy within electrical circuits. The other options do not provide practical or efficient methods for reducing voltage, making the transformer the correct answer.