Basic Wastewater Operator Practice Exam

Which term describes the unwanted pressure surge caused by a sudden change in water flow?

1. Water wave

2. Water surge

3. Water hammer

4. Water burst

The correct answer is: Water hammer

The correct term for the unwanted pressure surge caused by a sudden change in water flow is water hammer. This phenomenon occurs when there is a rapid change in fluid velocity, such as when a valve is closed quickly or a pump is turned off abruptly. The momentum of the moving water creates a pressure wave that travels back through the pipeline, which can lead to loud banging noises and potentially damage piping, fittings, and other components of the system. This effect is significant in the design and operation of water distribution systems, as engineers must take precautions to mitigate water hammer to prevent infrastructure damage and ensure system reliability. Understanding this phenomenon is crucial for wastewater operators to maintain the integrity of the systems they manage.